From 9269c6f2b24d9143aa1c097de4ddd5bace34402c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Natsu Kagami <nki@nkagami.me>
Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2023 18:21:32 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Day 20

---
 Day20.scala        | 145 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 inputs/day20.input |  58 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 203 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 Day20.scala
 create mode 100644 inputs/day20.input

diff --git a/Day20.scala b/Day20.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..403d8fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Day20.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+package aoc.day20
+
+import aoc._
+import scala.collection.mutable
+
+enum Pulse:
+  case Low, High
+
+  def flip = Pulse.fromOrdinal(1 - ordinal)
+import Pulse._
+
+sealed abstract class Module(targets: Set[String]):
+  def handle(source: String, pulse: Pulse): (Module, Map[String, Pulse])
+
+  final def broadcast(p: Pulse) = targets.toIterator.map((_, p)).toMap
+
+case class FlipFlop(state: Pulse, targets: Set[String]) extends Module(targets):
+  def handle(source: String, pulse: Pulse) = pulse match
+    case High => (this, Map.empty)
+    case Low =>
+      val nw = FlipFlop(state.flip, targets)
+      (nw, nw.broadcast(nw.state))
+
+object FlipFlop:
+  def apply(targets: Set[String]) = new FlipFlop(Low, targets)
+
+case class Conjunc(sources: Map[String, Pulse], targets: Set[String]) extends Module(targets):
+  override def handle(source: String, pulse: Pulse): (Module, Map[String, Pulse]) =
+    val nw = Conjunc(sources.updated(source, pulse), targets)
+    (nw, nw.broadcast(if nw.sources.values.forall(_ == High) then Low else High))
+
+object Conjunc:
+  def apply(sources: Set[String], targets: Set[String]) = new Conjunc(sources.toIterator.map((_, Low)).toMap, targets)
+
+case class Broadcast(targets: Set[String]) extends Module(targets):
+  def handle(source: String, pulse: Pulse): (Module, Map[String, Pulse]) = (this, broadcast(pulse))
+
+enum ModuleTyp { case Broadcast, Flip, Conjunc }
+object Parser extends CommonParser:
+
+  type Node = (ModuleTyp, String, Set[String])
+
+  val name = """[a-zA-Z]+""".r
+
+  val moduleTyp: Parser[(ModuleTyp, String)] =
+    ("broadcaster" ^^^ (ModuleTyp.Broadcast, "broadcaster")) | ('%' ~ name ^^ { case _ ~ name =>
+      (ModuleTyp.Flip, name)
+    }) |
+      ('&' ~ name ^^ { case _ ~ name => (ModuleTyp.Conjunc, name) })
+  val node: Parser[Node] = moduleTyp ~ "->" ~ repsep(name, ",") ^^ { case (typ, name) ~ _ ~ targets =>
+    (typ, name, targets.toSet)
+  }
+
+val nodes =
+  val ns = lines.map(Parser.parse(Parser.node, _).get).toSeq
+  val edges = ns.flatMap((_, from, to) => to.map((from, _)))
+  def sourcesOf(target: String) = edges.filter(_._2 == target).map(_._1).toSet
+
+  ns.map: (typ, name, targets) =>
+    val mod = typ match
+      case ModuleTyp.Broadcast => Broadcast(targets)
+      case ModuleTyp.Flip      => FlipFlop(targets)
+      case ModuleTyp.Conjunc   => Conjunc(sourcesOf(name), targets)
+    (name, mod)
+  .toMap
+
+extension (m: Map[String, Module])
+  def sendSig() = m.loop(mutable.Queue(("", "broadcaster", Low)), Seq.empty)
+  def send(cache: mutable.Map[Map[String, Module], (Map[String, Module], Int, Int)]): (Map[String, Module], Int, Int) =
+    cache.getOrElseUpdate(
+      m, {
+        val (nm, pulses) = m.sendSig()
+        val (lows, highs) = pulses.partition((_, _, p) => p == Low)
+        (nm, lows.size, highs.size)
+      }
+    )
+
+  @scala.annotation.tailrec
+  def loopUntilTwice(
+      breakCond: (String, String, Pulse) => Boolean,
+      first: Seq[Int] = Seq.empty,
+      current: Int = 0
+  ): (Int, Int) =
+    println(s"at $current: ${m.hashCode()}")
+    first match
+      case Seq(a, b) => (a, b)
+      case _ =>
+        val (nm, pulses) = sendSig()
+        val nfirst =
+          if pulses.exists(breakCond(_, _, _)) then first :+ current
+          else first
+        nm.loopUntilTwice(breakCond, nfirst, current + 1)
+
+  @scala.annotation.tailrec
+  private def loop(
+      queue: mutable.Queue[(String, String, Pulse)],
+      pulses: Seq[(String, String, Pulse)]
+  ): (Map[String, Module], Seq[(String, String, Pulse)]) =
+    if queue.isEmpty then (m, pulses)
+    else
+      val (from, to, pulse) = queue.dequeue()
+      val nm = m.get(to) match
+        case None => m
+        case Some(value) =>
+          val (nmod, nexts) = m(to).handle(from, pulse)
+          if to == "rs" && pulse == High then println(s"$from -> $to pulse = $pulse | $nmod")
+          queue ++= nexts.toIterator.map((target, pulse) => (to, target, pulse))
+          m.updated(to, nmod)
+      nm.loop(queue, (from, to, pulse) +: pulses)
+
+// part 1
+def part1 =
+  val mp = mutable.Map.empty[Map[String, Module], (Map[String, Module], Int, Int)]
+  val (_, lows, highs) = (1 to 1000).foldLeft((nodes, 0, 0)):
+    case ((nodes, lows, highs), _) =>
+      val (pn, pl, ph) = nodes.send(mp)
+      (pn, lows + pl, highs + ph)
+  println(1L * lows * highs)
+
+def part2 =
+  def sendsTo(target: String) = nodes.filter: (name, node) =>
+    node match
+      case Broadcast(targets)   => targets.contains(target)
+      case FlipFlop(_, targets) => targets.contains(target)
+      case Conjunc(_, targets)  => targets.contains(target)
+  val v = sendsTo("rx").toSeq match // should be at most one
+    case Seq((n, conj)) =>
+      assert(conj.isInstanceOf[Conjunc])
+      n
+    case ss => throw Exception(s"Unexpected $ss")
+  val toV = sendsTo(v)
+  println(toV)
+  // find cycles to send highs to v
+  val res = toV.keys
+    .map(toV => nodes.loopUntilTwice((from, to, pulse) => from == toV && to == v && pulse == High))
+    .foldLeft(1L) { case (n, (a, b)) => lcm(n, b - a) }
+  println(res)
+
+@scala.annotation.tailrec
+def gcd(a: Long, b: Long): Long = if b == 0 then a else gcd(b, a % b)
+def lcm(a: Long, b: Long) = a / gcd(a, b) * b
+
+@main def Day20(part: Int) = part match
+  case 1 => part1
+  case 2 => part2
diff --git a/inputs/day20.input b/inputs/day20.input
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef1a366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/inputs/day20.input
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+%qm -> mj, xn
+&mj -> hz, bt, lr, sq, qh, vq
+%qc -> qs, vg
+%ng -> vr
+%qh -> sq
+&bt -> rs
+%hh -> qs, bx
+%gk -> cs, bb
+%js -> mj
+%pc -> mj, mr
+%mb -> rd, xs
+%tp -> qs, ks
+%xq -> tp, qs
+%bx -> sz
+%mn -> cs, md
+%cv -> rd
+%rh -> rd, sv
+%md -> cs
+%pz -> mj, vq
+%bz -> rd, hk
+%jz -> vk
+%sz -> jz
+%lr -> pz, mj
+%xs -> cv, rd
+%kl -> rd, mb
+%hz -> pc
+%hk -> rz, rd
+%vk -> qc
+%bh -> zm
+%vq -> qm
+%ks -> qs, nd
+&qs -> dl, jz, bx, vk, vg, hh, sz
+&dl -> rs
+%lf -> rh, rd
+&fr -> rs
+%xn -> mj, qh
+%hf -> qs, xq
+%sv -> rd, ng
+&rs -> rx
+&rd -> ng, fr, rz, lf, vr
+%cj -> ss, cs
+broadcaster -> hh, lr, bp, lf
+%zs -> cs, mn
+%vr -> bz
+%nd -> qs
+%jb -> cj, cs
+&rv -> rs
+%bp -> cs, lx
+%ss -> zs
+%lx -> gk
+&cs -> lx, ss, rv, bh, bp
+%bb -> bh, cs
+%mf -> mj, hz
+%zm -> cs, jb
+%mr -> mj, js
+%rz -> kl
+%vg -> hf
+%sq -> mf